Men’s health is often neglected and a topic of increasing concern as new statistics reveal alarming trends in mortality rates, disease prevalence, and overall neglect of health by men. Despite numerous advancements in healthcare and sensibility campaigns, many men are still unaware of the risks they face.

Research consistently shows that men are less likely to seek medical attention, address lifestyle-related health risks, and prioritise preventive care, leading to higher rates of preventable diseases and premature death. This article looks extensively at the key issues affecting men’s health, particularly in the UK, and provides comprehensive solutions to help men live longer and healthier lives.

Alarming Statistics

Understanding men’s health issues begins with confronting the harsh statistics. Despite living in an age of advanced medical care, many men continue to neglect their well-being.

In the UK, more than 100,000 premature deaths among men occur annually. Men are significantly less likely to visit their general practitioner (GP), doing so half as often as women — a pattern that contributes to delayed diagnosis and treatment.

This neglect has severe consequences:

• More than 1 in 5 men die between the ages of 16 and 65, with over 2 in 5 dying before age 75.

• Men are disproportionately affected by circulatory diseases and cancers.

• 75% of premature deaths in men are caused by coronary heart disease.

• Men face a 37% higher risk of dying from cancer compared to women, with a 67% higher risk of death from cancers affecting both sexes.

Even more concerning is that men in lower-income areas experience higher mortality rates due to limited access to healthcare and healthy lifestyle options. Men in the poorest regions have significantly higher death rates, particularly from heart disease and cancer.

— Gender Disparities in Health Outcomes

When comparing male and female health outcomes, men are clearly at a disadvantage. Men are:

• 37% more likely to die from cancer than women.

• 67% more likely to die from cancers that affect both sexes.

• 75% of premature deaths among men are caused by coronary heart disease.

These statistics emphasise the urgent need for a societal shift towards prioritising men’s health and addressing the barriers that prevent men from seeking care.

Common Diseases and Conditions Affecting Men

Several chronic diseases and health conditions disproportionately affect men, contributing to higher mortality rates. The most prominent of these conditions include heart disease, cancer, and mental health disorders.

Let’s explore these issues in detail.

— Cardiovascular Diseases: The Leading Cause of Death in Men

Heart and circulatory diseases are the leading cause of death among men, accounting for millions of fatalities globally. In the UK alone, 4 million men are living with heart and circulatory diseases. Alarmingly, 1 in 8 men die from coronary heart disease (CHD).

Key risk factors for cardiovascular disease include:

• Smoking: A leading cause of heart disease, with men significantly more likely to smoke than women.

• Alcohol: Men are more likely to drink alcohol, more likely to drink at levels above recommended low-risk guidelines, and more likely to have alcohol dependency than women. Because the feel-good effect of alcohol on the brain is short-lived, it makes it more difficult to get the same effect unless you up your drinking over time, quickly turning into a “drug.”

  Current evidence shows that 21% of men report binge drinking, 25% of which report doing so at least 5 times a month (exceeding 9 drinks each time).

  In 2018, the rate of alcohol-specific deaths amongst men was 16.4 per 100,000 in the UK and, in England alone, alcohol-related deaths were 67.2 per 100,000, around twice as high compared to women.

• High blood pressure and high cholesterol: Often undiagnosed due to a lack of regular medical check-ups.

• Obesity: A major contributor to heart disease, affecting nearly 67% of UK men.

— Cancer: A Silent Epidemic

Cancer is another major health issue for men, particularly prostate cancer, lung cancer, and bowel cancer. Prostate cancer is a significant threat, accounting for 1 in 4 cancers diagnosed in men. Men also face a higher risk of lung cancer, primarily due to smoking and occupational hazards, and bowel cancer, which is often linked to poor dietary habits and obesity.

Men are twice as likely as women to die from cancers affecting both sexes, such as lung, bowel, and liver cancers.

— Mental Health Disorders: An Overlooked Crisis

Mental health disorders, particularly depression, are often underdiagnosed in men, partly due to societal stigma and a reluctance to seek help. Suicide is the leading cause of death in men under 50, with many suffering in silence due to the cultural norms surrounding masculinity and mental health. Men are also more likely to turn to substance misuse, including excessive alcohol consumption, as a coping mechanism.

— Diabetes: A Growing Concern

Type 2 diabetes is a growing epidemic among men, with middle-aged men twice as likely to develop diabetes as women. Obesity, poor dietary habits, and lack of physical activity are the primary drivers behind this condition, which, if left unmanaged, can lead to severe complications such as heart disease, nerve damage, and kidney failure.

Lifestyle Factors: Understanding the Root Causes

Several lifestyle factors contribute to the poor health outcomes seen in men, many of which can be addressed through awareness, education, and action.

Obesity and Poor Diet

Obesity is a significant public health issue among men, affecting nearly two-thirds of the male population in the UK. The primary drivers of this obesity epidemic are poor diet choices and lack of physical activity. Many men consume excessive amounts of:

• Salt and saturated fats from red meat and processed foods.

• Alcohol at levels that significantly increase the risk of liver disease and cancers.

At the same time, men tend to consume too little fruit and vegetables, leading to a lack of essential vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants that are crucial for disease prevention.

Lack of Physical Activity

Physical inactivity is another major contributor to poor health outcomes in men. Regular exercise plays a vital role in:

• Maintaining a healthy weight.

• Reducing the risk of heart disease, diabetes, and some cancers.

• Improving mental health by reducing stress, anxiety, and depression.

Yet, many men fail to engage in the recommended levels of physical activity, with long working hours and sedentary lifestyles contributing to the problem.

Smoking and Alcohol Consumption

Smoking remains one of the leading causes of preventable death in men, contributing to a host of diseases including lung cancer, heart disease, and chronic respiratory conditions. Men are significantly more likely to smoke than women, further elevating their risk of developing these life-threatening conditions.

Drinking, which was already on the rise before 2020, became a coping mechanism for overburdened parents, burnt-out workers, the traumatised, and the bored during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Excessive alcohol consumption is also a major risk factor for men’s health. Men are more likely to drink alcohol at hazardous levels, which increases the risk of liver disease, cancers (especially of the liver, mouth, and throat), and mental health disorders. Over 60% of 26-to-44-year-olds drink, and 55% per cent of adults aged 45 to 64 drink. Rates of alcohol use generally go up with income and educational attainment. LGBTQ+ people have higher rates of alcohol use, and are at higher risk of developing an alcohol use disorder.

Statistics (US): Key Facts

The U.S. saw a 25.5% spike in alcohol-related deaths between 2019 and 2020. The Alcohol-Related Disease Impact application estimates that each year there are more than 178,000 deaths (approximately 120,000 male deaths and 59,000 female deaths) attributable to excessive alcohol use, making alcohol one of the leading preventable causes of death in the United States, behind tobacco, poor diet and physical inactivity, and illegal drugs.

There were about 5,000 more deaths from alcohol-associated liver disease in 2020 than in 2019 — a 22% increase. Half of liver disease deaths in the U.S. are caused by alcohol, according to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Alcohol-associated liver disease kills about 22,000 people in the U.S. every year — roughly 347,000 deaths over the past 20 years.

It’s estimated that 17% of adults binge drink, and about a quarter of those reported binge drinking multiple times per month.

The American Public Health Association says binge drinking is more common among men, 18-to-34-year-olds, and people with household incomes of $75,000 or more.

Among U.S. veterans, high-risk alcohol use increased between 2019 and 2023. Veterans between the ages of 18 and 39 engaged in the highest rates of risky alcohol use.

It’s estimated that 11% of the U.S. population has a diagnosable alcohol use disorder. About 1 in 5 people who start drinking will develop an alcohol use disorder at some point in their lives. Research also shows that 20% to 40% of people with anxiety and mood disorders have an alcohol use disorder, and up to 60% of people who seek out AUD treatment have post-traumatic stress disorder.

Statistics (Worldwide): Key Facts

According to the World Health Organisation, around 2.6 million deaths were caused by alcohol consumption in 2019. Of these, 1.6 million deaths were from noncommunicable diseases, 700,000 deaths from injuries and 300,000 deaths from communicable diseases. 

The alcohol-attributable mortality was heaviest among men, accounting for 2 million deaths compared to 600 000 deaths among women, in 2019.

During the same time, an estimated 400 million people, or 7% of the world’s population aged 15 years and older, lived with alcohol use disorders. Of this, 209 million people (3.7% of the adult world population) lived with alcohol dependence.

Recent meta-analysis studies from 1990 to 2016 published in the Lancet exposed an increasing trend in alcohol consumption and health incidents:

Globally, alcohol use was the seventh leading risk factor for both deaths and DALYs (disability-adjusted life-years) in 2016, accounting for 6·8% of age-standardised male deaths. Among the population aged 15–49 years, alcohol use was the leading risk factor globally in 2016, with 12·2% of male deaths attributable to alcohol use. For the population aged 15–49 years, male attributable DALYs were 8·9%. The three leading causes of attributable deaths in this age group were tuberculosis (1,4% of total deaths), road injuries (1,2%), and self-harm (1,1%). For populations aged 50 years and older, cancers accounted for a large proportion of total alcohol-attributable deaths in 2016, constituting 18·9% of male deaths.

Sleep Deprivation

Men are also at risk from sleep deprivation, which is often overlooked in discussions about men's health. Poor sleep quality has been linked to an increased risk of obesity, cardiovascular disease, and mental health disorders.

Studies have shown that men who sleep fewer than six hours per night have a 20% higher risk of heart disease compared to those who get sufficient rest.

Key Warning Signs Men Should Never Ignore

In addition to adopting healthier lifestyle habits, men should be vigilant about the early warning signs of serious health issues. Many men are hesitant to visit a doctor until symptoms become severe, leading to delays in diagnosis and treatment.

Here are five critical warning signs that should never be ignored:

1. A testicular lump: This can be an early sign of testicular cancer, which predominantly affects younger men aged 15-49. Early detection significantly improves survival rates.

2. Changes in moles: New or changing moles can indicate skin cancer, especially malignant melanoma. Men are more likely to develop melanoma on the back or chest, areas often overlooked during self-examinations.

3. Depression and mood changes: Depression often manifests differently in men, who may become irritable, angry, or engage in risky behaviours. Untreated depression is a leading contributor to suicide.

4. Trouble urinating: Difficulty urinating can signal prostate issues, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or prostate cancer, both of which become more common as men age.

5. Erectile dysfunction (ED): While often dismissed as a minor issue, ED can be an early indicator of cardiovascular problems or diabetes. It is crucial to seek medical advice if persistent ED occurs.

Holistic Solutions for Improving Men's Health

Improving men’s health requires a multifaceted approach that includes medical intervention, lifestyle changes, mental health support, and preventive care. Below are key strategies men can adopt to live healthier and longer lives.

— Regular Health Screenings and Prostate Awareness

Regular health screenings are essential for early detection and prevention of diseases. Prostate health, in particular, should be a priority for men over the age of 50 or those with a family history of prostate cancer.

— Dietary Improvements

The Mediterranean diet has been shown to reduce the risk of heart disease, cancer, and diabetes. This diet is rich in:

• Fruits and vegetables

• Whole grains

• Lean proteins, particularly from fish and plant-based sources

• Healthy fats from extra virgin cold-pressed olive oil and nuts

Men should also aim to reduce their intake of red and processed meats, which have been linked to an increased risk of bowel cancer and heart disease.

— Exercise and Physical Activity

Men should engage in at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity per week, and strength training exercises. Physical activity can help manage weight, improve cardiovascular health, and boost mental well-being.

— Mental Health Awareness

Breaking the stigma surrounding mental health is critical. Men need to feel empowered to seek help for depression, anxiety, and other mental health conditions. Promoting the availability of counselling services, mental health helplines, and peer support groups can play a vital role in reducing male suicide rates.

Nutritional Supplements for Men’s Health

In addition to a balanced diet, certain supplements can support men’s health, particularly in areas like prostate care and heart health. Consider the following supplements:

• Zinc: For maintaining prostate health.

• Vitamin D: Essential for immune function and bone health, especially in regions with limited sunlight.

• Omega-3 fatty acids.

• Lycopene: Found in tomatoes, this antioxidant has been linked to a reduced risk of prostate cancer.

• Lignans: Derived from flaxseeds, they help regulate hormone levels and support prostate health.

• Beetroot juice (the main components betanin and apigenin have essential anti-cancer effects against prostate cancer).

Natural Interventions for Prostate Health

For men experiencing prostate issues, several natural remedies may help alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life. These include:

• Saw palmetto: Known for reducing symptoms of BPH.

• Stinging nettle root extract: Can reduce inflammation associated with prostate issues.

• Pumpkin seed oil: Helps alleviate urinary problems associated with prostate health.

• Green tea extract: Packed with antioxidants that may help prevent prostate cancer.

• Quercetin: Known for its anti-inflammatory properties, this compound can help manage chronic pelvic pain syndrome.

• There are more herbal products that can help you with prostate health. Contact us for a free consultation.

Tackling Male-Specific Health Issues: A Multidisciplinary Approach

The complexity of men’s health requires a multidisciplinary approach that addresses physical and mental well-being, which should include:

• Preventive care and regular medical check-ups.

• Education on specific male health risks, such as prostate cancer and heart disease.

• Holistic treatment plans that consider lifestyle, mental health, and environmental factors.

Multidisciplinary Interventions

Medical professionals, holistic practitioners, fitness trainers, and mental health counsellors should collaborate to provide comprehensive care tailored to individual needs. For example:

• Primary care physicians can provide regular screenings and manage chronic conditions like diabetes and hypertension.

• Nutritionists, Naturopaths and Nutritional Therapists can help develop personalised meal plans to reduce the risk of heart disease and support weight loss.

• Fitness trainers can offer exercise regimens that improve cardiovascular health and maintain muscle mass.

• Mental health professionals can support men dealing with depression, anxiety, and stress, providing strategies to improve mental resilience.

Environmental and Lifestyle Factors

Men’s health is also influenced by environmental factors such as exposure to hazardous substances (e.g., chemicals, asbestos), particularly in manual labour professions. Additionally, poor air quality and sedentary lifestyles in urban environments increase the risk of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases.

Addressing the Societal Barriers

Social and cultural factors significantly impact men's health behaviours. Traditional notions of masculinity — such as the belief that men should be strong and self-reliant - “Men-Don’t-Cry” — can deter men from seeking medical help, especially for mental health issues. Addressing these social norms through public health campaigns and community-based programmes can help men feel more comfortable accessing healthcare services and discussing their health concerns.

Conclusion: A Call to Action

Men’s health is a critical issue that requires immediate attention and action. The statistics are clear: men are dying prematurely from preventable diseases, and many are suffering needlessly due to societal stigma and lack of health awareness.

Men must be encouraged to take charge of their health, engage in regular check-ups, adopt healthier lifestyles, and seek help for both physical and mental health concerns.

The time to act is now. By prioritising men’s health, we can significantly reduce premature deaths, improve quality of life, and help men lead healthier, more fulfilling lives.

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WHO. (2024). Alcohol. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/alcohol#:~:text=The%20alcohol%2Dattributable%20mortality%20was,lived%20with%20alcohol%20use%20disorders.

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